"prudence" meaning in All languages combined

See prudence on Wiktionary

Noun [English]

IPA: /ˈpɹuːd(ə)n(t)s/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈpɹud(ə)n(t)s/ [General-American] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Mélange a trois-prudence.wav , LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-prudence.wav Forms: prudences [plural]
Etymology: From Middle English prudence (“discretion; foresight; knowledge; intelligence, wisdom; act of good judgment; wisdom to see what is virtuous”), from Anglo-Norman prudence, Middle French prudence, and Old French prudence (“common sense; wisdom”) (modern French prudence), and from their etymon Latin prūdentia (“common sense; discretion, prudence; foresight; knowledge; providence; skilfulness; wisdom”), from prūdent- (the stem of prūdēns (“knowledgeable, skilful; wise, prudent”)) + -ia (suffix forming first-declension feminine abstract nouns). Prūdēns is a contraction of prōvidēns (“caring for; foreseeing; providing”) (whence prōvidentia (“foreknowledge, foresight; forethought, precaution, providence”)), the present active participle of prōvideō (“to care for, look after; to foresee; to provide, see to”), from prō- (prefix meaning ‘forward; prior’) + videō (“to perceive, see; to comprehend, understand; to look out for, care for”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *weyd- (“to see; to know”)). Doublet of provide and purvey. Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*per-|*weyd-|id=before}}, {{inh|en|enm|prudence|t=discretion; foresight; knowledge; intelligence, wisdom; act of good judgment; wisdom to see what is virtuous}} Middle English prudence (“discretion; foresight; knowledge; intelligence, wisdom; act of good judgment; wisdom to see what is virtuous”), {{der|en|xno|prudence}} Anglo-Norman prudence, {{der|en|frm|prudence}} Middle French prudence, {{der|en|fro|prudence|t=common sense; wisdom}} Old French prudence (“common sense; wisdom”), {{cog|fr|prudence}} French prudence, {{glossary|etymon}} etymon, {{der|en|la|prūdentia|t=common sense; discretion, prudence; foresight; knowledge; providence; skilfulness; wisdom}} Latin prūdentia (“common sense; discretion, prudence; foresight; knowledge; providence; skilfulness; wisdom”), {{glossary|stem}} stem, {{glossary|suffix}} suffix, {{glossary|declension}} declension, {{glossary|feminine}} feminine, {{glossary|abstract noun}} abstract noun, {{glossary|contraction}} contraction, {{glossary|present}} present, {{glossary|active}} active, {{glossary|participle}} participle, {{glossary|prefix}} prefix, {{der|en|ine-pro|*weyd-|t=to see; to know}} Proto-Indo-European *weyd- (“to see; to know”), {{doublet|en|provide|purvey}} Doublet of provide and purvey Head templates: {{en-noun|~}} prudence (countable and uncountable, plural prudences)
  1. (uncountable) The quality or state of being prudent: circumspection and good judgment in knowing how best to act; (countable, archaic) an instance of this. Tags: uncountable Categories (topical): Ethics Synonyms: cautel, discretion, farsightedness, foresightedness, judiciousness, providence, prudentness, prudency Translations (quality or state of being prudent): ጥንቃቄ (ṭənḳaḳe) (Amharic), μήδεᾰ (mḗdeă) [neuter, plural, poetic] (Ancient Greek), σοφῐ́ᾱ (sophĭ́ā) [feminine] (Ancient Greek), φρόνησῐς (phrónēsĭs) [feminine] (Ancient Greek), πρᾰπίς (prăpís) [feminine] (Ancient Greek), σωφροσῠ́νη (sōphrosŭ́nē) [feminine] (Ancient Greek), عَقْل (ʕaql) [masculine] (Arabic), حَنْك (ḥank) [feminine] (Arabic), حَصَافَة (ḥaṣāfa) [feminine] (Arabic), حَيْطَة f/حِيطَة (ḥayṭa) [feminine] (Arabic), حِكْمَة (ḥikma) [feminine] (Arabic), حِلْم (ḥilm) [masculine] (Arabic), حُنْكَة (ḥunka) [feminine] (Arabic), اِحْتِرَاز (iḥtirāz) [masculine] (Arabic), رَأْي (raʔy) [masculine] (Arabic), صِيَانَة (ṣiyāna) [feminine] (Arabic), تَقِيَّة (taqiyya) [feminine] (Arabic), מדברנותא [feminine] (Aramaic), ܡܕܒܪܢܘܬܐ [Classical-Syriac] (Aramaic), ܛܥܡܐ [Classical-Syriac, figuratively] (Aramaic), ուշք (uškʻ) (Armenian), զգաստություն (zgastutʻyun) (Armenian), mintiminilji [feminine] (Aromanian), ehtiyat (Azerbaijani), qabiliyyət (Azerbaijani), благоразу́мие (blagorazúmie) [neuter] (Bulgarian), мъ́дрост (mǎ́drost) [feminine] (Bulgarian), предпазливост (predpazlivost) [feminine] (Bulgarian), разсъди́телност (razsǎdítelnost) [feminine] (Bulgarian), разсъдли́вост (razsǎdlívost) [feminine] (Bulgarian), prudència [feminine] (Catalan), nezcalicayotl [Amecameca] (Central Nahuatl), ᎨᏯᏔᎯ (geyatahi) (Cherokee), 謹慎 /谨慎 (jǐnshèn) (Chinese Mandarin), 審慎 /审慎 (shěnshèn) (Chinese Mandarin), 殷憂 (yīnyōu) [literary] (Chinese Mandarin), chytrá (Czech), obezřetnost (Czech), rozvážnost [feminine] (Czech), klogskab [common-gender] (Danish), prudento (Esperanto), prudeco (Esperanto), harkitsevaisuus (Finnish), harkitsevuus (Finnish), terävänäköisyys (Finnish), varovaisuus (Finnish), prudence [feminine] (French), précaution [feminine] (French), sagesse [feminine] (French), prudencia [feminine] (Galician), cordura [feminine] (Galician), გონიერება (goniereba) (Georgian), Besonnenheit [feminine] (German), Grütze [feminine, informal] (German), Klugheit [feminine] (German), Umsicht [feminine] (German), γνώση (gnósi) [feminine] (Greek), átgondoltság (Hungarian), gondosság (Hungarian), körültekintés (Hungarian), megfontoltság (Hungarian), óvatosság (Hungarian), prudenteso (Ido), wiweka [archaic] (Indonesian), críonnacht [feminine] (Irish), prudenza [feminine] (Italian), previdenza [feminine] (Italian), avvedutezza [feminine] (Italian), cautela [feminine] (Italian), oculatezza [feminine] (Italian), precauzione [feminine] (Italian), saviezza [feminine] (Italian), 分別 (funbetsu) (alt: ふんべつ) (Japanese), 自重 (jichō) (alt: じちょう) (Japanese), (ryo) (alt: りょ) (Japanese), 才略 (sairyaku) (alt: さいりゃく) (Japanese), 慎重 (shinchō) (alt: しんちょう) (Japanese), 思慮 (shiryo) (alt: しりょ) (Japanese), (tamashī) (alt: たましい) (Japanese), абайлағыштық (abailağyştyq) (Kazakh), мұқияттылық (mūqiättylyq) (Kazakh), prudentia [feminine] (Latin), претпа́зливост (pretpázlivost) [feminine] (Macedonian), проми́сленост (promíslenost) [feminine] (Macedonian), fahamalinana (Malagasy), għaqal [masculine] (Maltese), matawhāititanga (Maori), ngārahu (Maori), ngārehu (Maori), prudéncia [feminine] (Occitan), հանճար (hančar) (Old Armenian), զգաստութիւն (zgastutʻiwn) (Old Armenian), glēawnes [feminine] (Old English), hohsċipe [neuter] (Old English), nīti (Old Javanese), chytrość (english: Lesser Poland) [feminine] (Old Polish), giwitt [neuter] (Old Saxon), کیاست (kiyâsat) (Persian), تدبیر (tadbir) (Persian), przezorność [feminine] (Polish), roztropność [feminine] (Polish), uwaga [feminine] (Polish), prudência [feminine] (Portuguese), precaução [feminine] (Portuguese), tenência [Brazil, feminine] (Portuguese), tento [masculine] (Portuguese), tino [masculine] (Portuguese), ਨੀਤੀ (nītī) [feminine] (Punjabi), prudență [feminine] (Romanian), благоразумность (blagorazumnostʹ) [feminine] (Russian), дальновидность (dalʹnovidnostʹ) [feminine] (Russian), осмотрительность (osmotritelʹnostʹ) [feminine] (Russian), осторо́жность (ostoróžnostʹ) [feminine] (Russian), предусмотри́тельность (predusmotrítelʹnostʹ) [feminine] (Russian), расчётливость (rasčótlivostʹ) [feminine] (Russian), धीर्य (dhīrya) [neuter] (Sanskrit), gliocas [masculine] (Scottish Gaelic), па̏ме̄т [Cyrillic, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), ра́зборито̄ст [Cyrillic, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), смо̏трено̄ст [Cyrillic, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), pȁmēt [Roman, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), rázboritōst [Roman, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), smȍtrenōst [Roman, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), prudencia [feminine] (Spanish), lastre [masculine] (Spanish), klokhet [common-gender] (Swedish), habas (Tagalog), hunos-dili (Tagalog), siyasip (Tagalog), ihtiyat (Turkish), оба́чність (obáčnistʹ) [feminine] (Ukrainian), обере́жність (oberéžnistʹ) [feminine] (Ukrainian), передба́чливість (peredbáčlyvistʹ) [feminine] (Ukrainian), احتیاط (ihtiyāt) [feminine] (Urdu), ہُوشارتوب (Ushojo), pwyll [masculine] (Welsh), ingqiqo (Xhosa), харыс (qarıs) (Yakut), שׂכלדיקייט (skhldikeyt) [feminine] (Yiddish), ubuxwaya (Zulu)
    Sense id: en-prudence-en-noun-jvSdnHRY Disambiguation of Ethics: 31 29 16 24 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Terms with Amharic translations, Terms with Ancient Greek translations, Terms with Arabic translations, Terms with Aramaic translations, Terms with Armenian translations, Terms with Aromanian translations, Terms with Azerbaijani translations, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Central Nahuatl translations, Terms with Cherokee translations, Terms with Classical Syriac translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Danish translations, Terms with Esperanto translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Galician translations, Terms with Georgian translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Ido translations, Terms with Indonesian translations, Terms with Irish translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Kazakh translations, Terms with Latin translations, Terms with Macedonian translations, Terms with Malagasy translations, Terms with Maltese translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Maori translations, Terms with Occitan translations, Terms with Old Armenian translations, Terms with Old English translations, Terms with Old Javanese translations, Terms with Old Saxon translations, Terms with Persian translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Punjabi translations, Terms with Romanian translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Sanskrit translations, Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations, Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Swedish translations, Terms with Tagalog translations, Terms with Turkish translations, Terms with Ukrainian translations, Terms with Urdu translations, Terms with Ushojo translations, Terms with Welsh translations, Terms with Xhosa translations, Terms with Yakut translations, Terms with Yiddish translations, Terms with Zulu translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 50 22 11 18 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 67 19 4 10 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 59 19 6 15 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 62 17 4 17 Disambiguation of Terms with Amharic translations: 63 18 7 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Ancient Greek translations: 43 29 14 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Arabic translations: 51 21 12 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Aramaic translations: 56 21 10 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Armenian translations: 56 21 10 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Aromanian translations: 55 21 10 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Azerbaijani translations: 55 21 10 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 54 21 10 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Catalan translations: 55 21 10 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Central Nahuatl translations: 66 14 6 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Cherokee translations: 56 20 10 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Classical Syriac translations: 72 14 5 9 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 48 23 13 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Danish translations: 62 19 7 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Esperanto translations: 57 19 10 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 54 22 10 14 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 60 18 8 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Galician translations: 55 21 10 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Georgian translations: 54 21 12 13 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 60 21 7 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Greek translations: 50 25 11 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 48 25 12 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Ido translations: 63 18 7 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Indonesian translations: 55 21 10 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Irish translations: 54 24 9 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 61 20 7 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 63 18 7 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Kazakh translations: 54 22 10 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Latin translations: 61 20 7 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Macedonian translations: 55 22 9 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Malagasy translations: 55 21 10 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Maltese translations: 59 20 8 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 57 23 9 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Maori translations: 55 21 10 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Occitan translations: 55 21 10 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Old Armenian translations: 55 21 10 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Old English translations: 41 26 17 17 Disambiguation of Terms with Old Javanese translations: 46 24 14 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Old Saxon translations: 55 21 10 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Persian translations: 55 21 10 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 59 19 9 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 54 21 10 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Punjabi translations: 55 21 10 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Romanian translations: 55 21 10 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 66 17 7 11 Disambiguation of Terms with Sanskrit translations: 55 21 10 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations: 54 22 10 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations: 55 21 10 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 63 18 6 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 56 20 9 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Tagalog translations: 55 21 10 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Turkish translations: 56 20 9 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Ukrainian translations: 58 20 9 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Urdu translations: 57 21 9 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Ushojo translations: 63 18 7 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Welsh translations: 62 19 7 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Xhosa translations: 56 20 10 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Yakut translations: 55 20 10 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Yiddish translations: 54 20 11 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Zulu translations: 58 20 9 14 Disambiguation of 'quality or state of being prudent': 65 30 2 3
  2. (uncountable, specifically) Synonym of frugality (“the quality of avoiding unnecessary expenditure; economy, parsimony, thrift, thriftiness”) Tags: specifically, uncountable Categories (topical): Ethics Synonyms: frugality [synonym, synonym-of]
    Sense id: en-prudence-en-noun-CMuiKnA0 Disambiguation of Ethics: 31 29 16 24
  3. (uncountable, obsolete)
    Synonym of providence (“preparation for the future; foresight”)
    Tags: countable, obsolete, uncountable Categories (topical): Ethics Synonyms: providence [synonym, synonym-of]
    Sense id: en-prudence-en-noun-tDyhl7JD Disambiguation of Ethics: 31 29 16 24
  4. (uncountable, obsolete)
    Synonym of wisdom (“an element of personal character that enables one to distinguish the wise from the unwise; wise advice”)
    Tags: countable, obsolete, uncountable Categories (topical): Ethics Synonyms: sagacity, wisdom, wisdom [synonym, synonym-of]
    Sense id: en-prudence-en-noun-iqketzpq Disambiguation of Ethics: 31 29 16 24
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: macroprudence, microprudence, unprudence [obsolete]

Noun [French]

IPA: /pʁy.dɑ̃s/ Audio: Fr-prudence.ogg Forms: prudences [plural]
Etymology: From Latin prūdentia, contrasting from prōvidentia. See prudent, and compare providence. Etymology templates: {{der|fr|la|prūdentia}} Latin prūdentia Head templates: {{fr-noun|f}} prudence f (plural prudences)
  1. prudence, caution, care Tags: feminine Derived forms: prudence est mère de sûreté Related terms: prudent
    Sense id: en-prudence-fr-noun-4R6UOPNQ Categories (other): French entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries

Inflected forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "macroprudence"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "microprudence"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "unprudence"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*per-",
        "4": "*weyd-",
        "id": "before"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "prudence",
        "t": "discretion; foresight; knowledge; intelligence, wisdom; act of good judgment; wisdom to see what is virtuous"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English prudence (“discretion; foresight; knowledge; intelligence, wisdom; act of good judgment; wisdom to see what is virtuous”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "xno",
        "3": "prudence"
      },
      "expansion": "Anglo-Norman prudence",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "prudence"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French prudence",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "prudence",
        "t": "common sense; wisdom"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French prudence (“common sense; wisdom”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "prudence"
      },
      "expansion": "French prudence",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "etymon"
      },
      "expansion": "etymon",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "prūdentia",
        "t": "common sense; discretion, prudence; foresight; knowledge; providence; skilfulness; wisdom"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin prūdentia (“common sense; discretion, prudence; foresight; knowledge; providence; skilfulness; wisdom”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "stem"
      },
      "expansion": "stem",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "suffix",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "declension"
      },
      "expansion": "declension",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "feminine"
      },
      "expansion": "feminine",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "abstract noun"
      },
      "expansion": "abstract noun",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "contraction"
      },
      "expansion": "contraction",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "present"
      },
      "expansion": "present",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "active"
      },
      "expansion": "active",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "participle"
      },
      "expansion": "participle",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "prefix",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*weyd-",
        "t": "to see; to know"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *weyd- (“to see; to know”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "provide",
        "3": "purvey"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of provide and purvey",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English prudence (“discretion; foresight; knowledge; intelligence, wisdom; act of good judgment; wisdom to see what is virtuous”), from Anglo-Norman prudence, Middle French prudence, and Old French prudence (“common sense; wisdom”) (modern French prudence), and from their etymon Latin prūdentia (“common sense; discretion, prudence; foresight; knowledge; providence; skilfulness; wisdom”), from prūdent- (the stem of prūdēns (“knowledgeable, skilful; wise, prudent”)) + -ia (suffix forming first-declension feminine abstract nouns). Prūdēns is a contraction of prōvidēns (“caring for; foreseeing; providing”) (whence prōvidentia (“foreknowledge, foresight; forethought, precaution, providence”)), the present active participle of prōvideō (“to care for, look after; to foresee; to provide, see to”), from prō- (prefix meaning ‘forward; prior’) + videō (“to perceive, see; to comprehend, understand; to look out for, care for”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *weyd- (“to see; to know”)). Doublet of provide and purvey.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "prudences",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "prudence (countable and uncountable, plural prudences)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "pru‧dence"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "antiprudential"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "imprudence"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "imprudency"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "imprudent"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "imprudently"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "imprudentness"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "jurisprude"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "jurisprudence"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "jurisprudent"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "jurisprudential"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "jurisprudentialist"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "jurisprudentially"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "macroprudential"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "microprudential"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "providence"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "provident"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "providently"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "providentness"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "prudency"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "prudent"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "prudential"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ],
      "word": "prudentness"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "unprudent"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "unprudential"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "imprudence"
        },
        {
          "word": "rashness"
        },
        {
          "word": "recklessness"
        },
        {
          "word": "unprudence"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "50 22 11 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
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            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
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        {
          "_dis": "31 29 16 24",
          "kind": "topical",
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          "name": "Ethics",
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            "Philosophy",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
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      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              215,
              224
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1666 October 30 (date written; Gregorian calendar), Edward Waterhous[e], “To His Noble Friend and Kinsman, Sr. Edwarde Turno[u]r, Knight; Speaker of the Honorable House of Commons in this Present Parliament”, in A Short Narrative of the Late Dreadful Fire in London: […], London: […] W. G. for Rich[ard] Thrale […], and James Thrale […], published 1667, →OCLC, page 36:",
          "text": "[T]here are ſo many concurrencies vvhich have their attending cheques; vvhich poſſible are to be, but actually, vvere not improved in remedy that the prevalence of the Fire againſt, and in deſpight of thoſe vvonted prudences, and uſual reſiſtances, and the Latitude of effects, ſeconding ſuch a neglect of impending means, vvhere ſo vvell underſtood, and ſo dextrouſly at other times practiſed; […]",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
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              189
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "a. 1677 (date written), Matthew Hale, “Touching the Excellency of the Humane Nature in General”, in The Primitive Origination of Mankind, Considered and Examined According to the Light of Nature, London: […] William Godbid, for William Shrowsbery, […], published 1677, →OCLC, section I, page 57:",
          "text": "Concerning intellectual Habits or the genuine effects of theſe acts in the underſtanding Faculty, and they are divers and diverſly expreſſed by thoſe that have treated thereof. […] Prudence, vvhich is principally in reference to actions to be done, the due means, order, ſeaſon, method of doing or not doing.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
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          ],
          "ref": "1777 May 8 (first performance; rewritten a. 1817), Richard Brinsley Sheridan, “The School for Scandal: A Comedy”, in Thomas Moore, editor, The Works of the Late Right Honourable Richard Brinsley Sheridan. […], volume II, London: John Murray, […]; James Ridgway, and Thomas Wilkie, published 1821, →OCLC, Act IV, scene iii, page 104:",
          "text": "Prudence, like experience, must be paid for.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              88,
              96
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1794 May 8, Ann Radcliffe, chapter IX, in The Mysteries of Udolpho, a Romance; […], volume III, London: […] G. G. and J. Robinson, […], →OCLC, pages 277–278:",
          "text": "[U]nder pretence of carrying in a pitcher of vvater, he entered the priſon, though, his prudence having prevented him from telling the ſentinel the real motive of his viſit, he vvas obliged to make his conference vvith the priſoner a very ſhort one.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              90,
              98
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1796, [Frances Burney], “A Family Breakfast”, in Camilla: Or, A Picture of Youth. […], volume I, London: […] T[homas] Payne, […]; and T[homas] Cadell Jun. and W[illiam] Davies (successors to Mr. [Thomas] Cadell) […], →OCLC, book II, pages 187–188:",
          "text": "Novv as I don't much chuſe to have my girls go to theſe ſort of places often, vvhich is a prudence that I dare ſay you approve as much as myſelf, I vvould vviſh to have the moſt made of them at once; […]",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              274,
              282
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1841 February–November, Charles Dickens, “Barnaby Rudge. Chapter 41.”, in Master Humphrey’s Clock, volume III, London: Chapman & Hall, […], →OCLC, page 174:",
          "text": "Mrs. Varden approved of this meek and forgiving spirit in high terms, and incidentally declared as a closing article of agreement, that Dolly should accompany her to the Clerkenwell branch of the association, that very night. This was an extraordinary instance of her great prudence and policy; having had this end in view from the first, and entertaining a secret misgiving that the locksmith (who was bold when Dolly was in question) would object, she had backed Miss Miggs up to this point, in order that she might have him at a disadvantage.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
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              278
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          ],
          "ref": "1845, William Whewell, “Virtues and Vices”, in The Elements of Morality, including Polity […], volume I, London: John W[illiam] Parker, […], →OCLC, book III (Morality. Of Virtues and Duties.), article 258, page 157:",
          "text": "A man is prudent, who acts so as to promote his own Interest, if his Interest be assumed to be the proper Object of action: but if we conceive Happiness to be a higher object than Interest, he is prudent, if he disregard mere Interest, and attend only to his Happiness. Prudence supposes the value of the end to be assumed, and refers only to the adaptation of the means. It is the selection of right means for given ends.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
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          "ref": "1861, [Margaret Oliphant], “The Doctor’s Family. Chapter VII.”, in The Rector: And The Doctor’s Family […] (Chronicles of Carlingford), Edinburgh; London: William Blackwood and Sons, published 1863, →OCLC, page 138:",
          "text": "\"You mistake,\" cried the doctor, startled out of all his prudences; \"it ought to be my business quite as much as it is yours.\"",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              309,
              318
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1904 November 10, Henry James, chapter XXXVIII, in The Golden Bowl, volume I, New York, N.Y.: Charles Scribner’s Sons, →OCLC, 1st book (The Prince), 3rd part, pages 289–290:",
          "text": "She heard her ask, irritated and sombre, what tone, in God's name—since her bravery didn't suit him—she was then to adopt; and, by way of a fantastic flight of divination, she heard Amerigo reply, in a voice of which every fine note, familiar and admirable, came home to her, that one must really manage such prudences a little for one's self.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
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              127
            ]
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          "ref": "1960 August, R. K. Evans, “Railway Modernisation in Spain”, in Trains Illustrated, London: Ian Allan Publishing, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 494:",
          "text": "With 3,600 h.p. underfoot, acceleration was reasonably brisk, but the flickering wheel-slip indicator light showed the prudence of not putting full power through the traction motors while there were traces of early-morning dampness on the rails.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The quality or state of being prudent: circumspection and good judgment in knowing how best to act; (countable, archaic) an instance of this."
      ],
      "id": "en-prudence-en-noun-jvSdnHRY",
      "links": [
        [
          "quality",
          "quality#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "state",
          "state#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "prudent",
          "prudent"
        ],
        [
          "circumspection",
          "circumspection"
        ],
        [
          "good",
          "good#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "judgment",
          "judgment"
        ],
        [
          "knowing",
          "know#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "act",
          "act#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "instance",
          "instance#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(uncountable) The quality or state of being prudent: circumspection and good judgment in knowing how best to act; (countable, archaic) an instance of this."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "cautel"
        },
        {
          "word": "discretion"
        },
        {
          "word": "farsightedness"
        },
        {
          "word": "foresightedness"
        },
        {
          "word": "judiciousness"
        },
        {
          "word": "providence"
        },
        {
          "word": "prudentness"
        },
        {
          "word": "prudency"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "am",
          "lang": "Amharic",
          "roman": "ṭənḳaḳe",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "ጥንቃቄ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ʕaql",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "عَقْل"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ḥank",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "حَنْك"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ḥaṣāfa",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "حَصَافَة"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ḥayṭa",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "حَيْطَة f/حِيطَة"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ḥikma",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "حِكْمَة"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ḥilm",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "حِلْم"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ḥunka",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "حُنْكَة"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "iḥtirāz",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "اِحْتِرَاز"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "raʔy",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "رَأْي"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ṣiyāna",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "صِيَانَة"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "taqiyya",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "تَقِيَّة"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "arc",
          "lang": "Aramaic",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "מדברנותא"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "syc",
          "lang": "Aramaic",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "Classical-Syriac"
          ],
          "word": "ܡܕܒܪܢܘܬܐ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "syc",
          "lang": "Aramaic",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "Classical-Syriac",
            "figuratively"
          ],
          "word": "ܛܥܡܐ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "uškʻ",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "ուշք"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "zgastutʻyun",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "զգաստություն"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "xcl",
          "lang": "Old Armenian",
          "roman": "hančar",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "հանճար"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "xcl",
          "lang": "Old Armenian",
          "roman": "zgastutʻiwn",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "զգաստութիւն"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "rup",
          "lang": "Aromanian",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "mintiminilji"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "ehtiyat"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "qabiliyyət"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "blagorazúmie",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "благоразу́мие"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "mǎ́drost",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "мъ́дрост"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "predpazlivost",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "предпазливост"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "razsǎdítelnost",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "разсъди́телност"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "razsǎdlívost",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "разсъдли́вост"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "prudència"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "nhn",
          "lang": "Central Nahuatl",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "Amecameca"
          ],
          "word": "nezcalicayotl"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "chr",
          "lang": "Cherokee",
          "roman": "geyatahi",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "ᎨᏯᏔᎯ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "jǐnshèn",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "謹慎 /谨慎"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "shěnshèn",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "審慎 /审慎"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "yīnyōu",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "殷憂"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "chytrá"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "obezřetnost"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "rozvážnost"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "klogskab"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "prudento"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "prudeco"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "harkitsevaisuus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "harkitsevuus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "terävänäköisyys"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "varovaisuus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "prudence"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "précaution"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "sagesse"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "prudencia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "cordura"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "goniereba",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "გონიერება"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Besonnenheit"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "informal"
          ],
          "word": "Grütze"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Klugheit"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Umsicht"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "gnósi",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "γνώση"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "mḗdeă",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "neuter",
            "plural",
            "poetic"
          ],
          "word": "μήδεᾰ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "sophĭ́ā",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "σοφῐ́ᾱ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "phrónēsĭs",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "φρόνησῐς"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "prăpís",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "πρᾰπίς"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "sōphrosŭ́nē",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "σωφροσῠ́νη"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "átgondoltság"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "gondosság"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "körültekintés"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "megfontoltság"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "óvatosság"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "prudenteso"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "id",
          "lang": "Indonesian",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "archaic"
          ],
          "word": "wiweka"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "críonnacht"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "prudenza"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "previdenza"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "avvedutezza"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "cautela"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "oculatezza"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "precauzione"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "saviezza"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "alt": "ふんべつ",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "funbetsu",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "分別"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "alt": "じちょう",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "jichō",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "自重"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "alt": "りょ",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "ryo",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "慮"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "alt": "さいりゃく",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "sairyaku",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "才略"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "alt": "しんちょう",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "shinchō",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "慎重"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "alt": "しりょ",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "shiryo",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "思慮"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "alt": "たましい",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "tamashī",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "魂"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "roman": "abailağyştyq",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "абайлағыштық"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "roman": "mūqiättylyq",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "мұқияттылық"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "prudentia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "pretpázlivost",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "претпа́зливост"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "promíslenost",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "проми́сленост"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "mg",
          "lang": "Malagasy",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "fahamalinana"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "mt",
          "lang": "Maltese",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "għaqal"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "matawhāititanga"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "ngārahu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "ngārehu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "oc",
          "lang": "Occitan",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "prudéncia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "ang",
          "lang": "Old English",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "glēawnes"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "ang",
          "lang": "Old English",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "hohsċipe"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "kaw",
          "lang": "Old Javanese",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "nīti"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "osx",
          "lang": "Old Saxon",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "giwitt"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "kiyâsat",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "کیاست"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "tadbir",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "تدبیر"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "przezorność"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "roztropność"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "raw_tags": [
            "Middle Polish"
          ],
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "uwaga"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "pl",
          "english": "Lesser Poland",
          "lang": "Old Polish",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "chytrość"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "prudência"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "precaução"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "Brazil",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "tenência"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "tento"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "tino"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "pa",
          "lang": "Punjabi",
          "roman": "nītī",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ਨੀਤੀ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "prudență"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "blagorazumnostʹ",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "благоразумность"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "dalʹnovidnostʹ",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "дальновидность"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "osmotritelʹnostʹ",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "осмотрительность"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "ostoróžnostʹ",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "осторо́жность"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "predusmotrítelʹnostʹ",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "предусмотри́тельность"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "rasčótlivostʹ",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "расчётливость"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "sa",
          "lang": "Sanskrit",
          "roman": "dhīrya",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "धीर्य"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "gd",
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "gliocas"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "па̏ме̄т"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ра́зборито̄ст"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "смо̏трено̄ст"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "pȁmēt"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "rázboritōst"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "smȍtrenōst"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "prudencia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "lastre"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "klokhet"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "tl",
          "lang": "Tagalog",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "habas"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "tl",
          "lang": "Tagalog",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "hunos-dili"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "tl",
          "lang": "Tagalog",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "siyasip"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "ihtiyat"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "obáčnistʹ",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "оба́чність"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "oberéžnistʹ",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "обере́жність"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "peredbáčlyvistʹ",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "передба́чливість"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "ur",
          "lang": "Urdu",
          "roman": "ihtiyāt",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "احتیاط"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "ush",
          "lang": "Ushojo",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "ہُوشارتوب"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "pwyll"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "xh",
          "lang": "Xhosa",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "ingqiqo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "sah",
          "lang": "Yakut",
          "roman": "qarıs",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "харыс"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "yi",
          "lang": "Yiddish",
          "roman": "skhldikeyt",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "שׂכלדיקייט"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "65 30 2 3",
          "code": "zu",
          "lang": "Zulu",
          "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
          "word": "ubuxwaya"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
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        {
          "_dis": "31 29 16 24",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Ethics",
          "orig": "en:Ethics",
          "parents": [
            "Philosophy",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Synonym of frugality (“the quality of avoiding unnecessary expenditure; economy, parsimony, thrift, thriftiness”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-prudence-en-noun-CMuiKnA0",
      "links": [
        [
          "frugality",
          "frugality#English"
        ],
        [
          "avoid",
          "avoid"
        ],
        [
          "unnecessary",
          "unnecessary"
        ],
        [
          "expenditure",
          "expenditure"
        ],
        [
          "economy",
          "economy"
        ],
        [
          "parsimony",
          "parsimony"
        ],
        [
          "thrift",
          "thrift#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "thriftiness",
          "thriftiness"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(uncountable, specifically) Synonym of frugality (“the quality of avoiding unnecessary expenditure; economy, parsimony, thrift, thriftiness”)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "extra": "the quality of avoiding unnecessary expenditure; economy, parsimony, thrift, thriftiness",
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "frugality"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "specifically",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "31 29 16 24",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Ethics",
          "orig": "en:Ethics",
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            "Philosophy",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
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          "ref": "1686 (indicated as 168⁵⁄₆), R[obert] B[oyle], “Sect[ion] VI”, in A Free Enquiry into the Vulgarly Receiv’d Notion of Nature; […], London: […] H. Clark, for John Taylor […], →OCLC, page 239:",
          "text": "For 'tis my ſetled Opinion, that Divine Prudence is often, at leaſt, converſant in a peculiar manner about the Actions of Men, and the things that happen to Them, or have a neceſſary Connexion vvith the One, or the Other, or Both.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Synonym of providence (“preparation for the future; foresight”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-prudence-en-noun-tDyhl7JD",
      "links": [
        [
          "providence",
          "providence#English"
        ],
        [
          "preparation",
          "preparation"
        ],
        [
          "future",
          "future#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "foresight",
          "foresight"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(uncountable, obsolete)",
        "Synonym of providence (“preparation for the future; foresight”)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "extra": "preparation for the future; foresight",
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "providence"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "obsolete",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "31 29 16 24",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Ethics",
          "orig": "en:Ethics",
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            "All topics",
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        }
      ],
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        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
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            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1610, The Second Tome of the Holie Bible, […] (Douay–Rheims Bible), Doway: Lavrence Kellam, […], →OCLC, Proverbes 4:1, page 276:",
          "text": "Children here ye the fathers diſcipline, and attend that you may knovve prudence.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
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              125,
              133
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1659–1660, Thomas Stanley, “[Pythagoras.] Chap[ter] V. How He Went to Babylon.”, in The History of Philosophy, the Third and Last Volume, […], volume III, London: […] Humphrey Moseley, and Thomas Dring, […], →OCLC, 1st part (Containing the Italick Sects), page 7:",
          "text": "[H]e [Pythagoras] vvent from Ægypt to the Perſians, (not to Perſia, as ſome conceive) and reſigned himſelf to the moſt exact prudence of the Magi, to be formed.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Synonym of wisdom (“an element of personal character that enables one to distinguish the wise from the unwise; wise advice”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-prudence-en-noun-iqketzpq",
      "links": [
        [
          "wisdom",
          "wisdom#English"
        ],
        [
          "element",
          "element#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "personal",
          "personal#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "character",
          "character#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "enable",
          "enable"
        ],
        [
          "distinguish",
          "distinguish"
        ],
        [
          "wise",
          "wise#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "unwise",
          "unwise"
        ],
        [
          "advice",
          "advice"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(uncountable, obsolete)",
        "Synonym of wisdom (“an element of personal character that enables one to distinguish the wise from the unwise; wise advice”)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "sagacity"
        },
        {
          "word": "wisdom"
        },
        {
          "extra": "an element of personal character that enables one to distinguish the wise from the unwise; wise advice",
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "wisdom"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "obsolete",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpɹuːd(ə)n(t)s/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Mélange a trois-prudence.wav",
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    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpɹud(ə)n(t)s/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-prudence.wav",
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    }
  ],
  "word": "prudence"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "prūdentia"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin prūdentia",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Latin prūdentia, contrasting from prōvidentia. See prudent, and compare providence.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "prudences",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "prudence f (plural prudences)",
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    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "noun",
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    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
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          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "prudence est mère de sûreté"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "prudence, caution, care"
      ],
      "id": "en-prudence-fr-noun-4R6UOPNQ",
      "links": [
        [
          "prudence",
          "prudence#English"
        ],
        [
          "caution",
          "caution"
        ],
        [
          "care",
          "care"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "prudent"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
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      "ipa": "/pʁy.dɑ̃s/"
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    {
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  "word": "prudence"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English doublets",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Middle French",
    "English terms derived from Old French",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *per- (before)",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *weyd-",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Requests for gender in Czech entries",
    "Requests for transliteration of Yiddish terms with Hebrew-only letters",
    "Terms with Amharic translations",
    "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
    "Terms with Arabic translations",
    "Terms with Aramaic translations",
    "Terms with Armenian translations",
    "Terms with Aromanian translations",
    "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Central Nahuatl translations",
    "Terms with Cherokee translations",
    "Terms with Classical Syriac translations",
    "Terms with Czech translations",
    "Terms with Danish translations",
    "Terms with Esperanto translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Galician translations",
    "Terms with Georgian translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Greek translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Ido translations",
    "Terms with Indonesian translations",
    "Terms with Irish translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Kazakh translations",
    "Terms with Latin translations",
    "Terms with Macedonian translations",
    "Terms with Malagasy translations",
    "Terms with Maltese translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Maori translations",
    "Terms with Occitan translations",
    "Terms with Old Armenian translations",
    "Terms with Old English translations",
    "Terms with Old Javanese translations",
    "Terms with Old Saxon translations",
    "Terms with Persian translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Punjabi translations",
    "Terms with Romanian translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Sanskrit translations",
    "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
    "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations",
    "Terms with Tagalog translations",
    "Terms with Turkish translations",
    "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
    "Terms with Urdu translations",
    "Terms with Ushojo translations",
    "Terms with Welsh translations",
    "Terms with Xhosa translations",
    "Terms with Yakut translations",
    "Terms with Yiddish translations",
    "Terms with Zulu translations",
    "en:Ethics"
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    {
      "word": "macroprudence"
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    {
      "word": "microprudence"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
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      ],
      "word": "unprudence"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
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      "name": "root"
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      "args": {
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      },
      "expansion": "Middle English prudence (“discretion; foresight; knowledge; intelligence, wisdom; act of good judgment; wisdom to see what is virtuous”)",
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    },
    {
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    {
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        "3": "prudence"
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        "2": "fro",
        "3": "prudence",
        "t": "common sense; wisdom"
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    },
    {
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        "1": "fr",
        "2": "prudence"
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      "expansion": "French prudence",
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      },
      "expansion": "Latin prūdentia (“common sense; discretion, prudence; foresight; knowledge; providence; skilfulness; wisdom”)",
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    },
    {
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    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "suffix",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "declension"
      },
      "expansion": "declension",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "feminine"
      },
      "expansion": "feminine",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "abstract noun"
      },
      "expansion": "abstract noun",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "contraction"
      },
      "expansion": "contraction",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "present"
      },
      "expansion": "present",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "active"
      },
      "expansion": "active",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "participle"
      },
      "expansion": "participle",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "prefix",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*weyd-",
        "t": "to see; to know"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *weyd- (“to see; to know”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "provide",
        "3": "purvey"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of provide and purvey",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English prudence (“discretion; foresight; knowledge; intelligence, wisdom; act of good judgment; wisdom to see what is virtuous”), from Anglo-Norman prudence, Middle French prudence, and Old French prudence (“common sense; wisdom”) (modern French prudence), and from their etymon Latin prūdentia (“common sense; discretion, prudence; foresight; knowledge; providence; skilfulness; wisdom”), from prūdent- (the stem of prūdēns (“knowledgeable, skilful; wise, prudent”)) + -ia (suffix forming first-declension feminine abstract nouns). Prūdēns is a contraction of prōvidēns (“caring for; foreseeing; providing”) (whence prōvidentia (“foreknowledge, foresight; forethought, precaution, providence”)), the present active participle of prōvideō (“to care for, look after; to foresee; to provide, see to”), from prō- (prefix meaning ‘forward; prior’) + videō (“to perceive, see; to comprehend, understand; to look out for, care for”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *weyd- (“to see; to know”)). Doublet of provide and purvey.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "prudences",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "prudence (countable and uncountable, plural prudences)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "pru‧dence"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "antiprudential"
    },
    {
      "word": "imprudence"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "imprudency"
    },
    {
      "word": "imprudent"
    },
    {
      "word": "imprudently"
    },
    {
      "word": "imprudentness"
    },
    {
      "word": "jurisprude"
    },
    {
      "word": "jurisprudence"
    },
    {
      "word": "jurisprudent"
    },
    {
      "word": "jurisprudential"
    },
    {
      "word": "jurisprudentialist"
    },
    {
      "word": "jurisprudentially"
    },
    {
      "word": "macroprudential"
    },
    {
      "word": "microprudential"
    },
    {
      "word": "providence"
    },
    {
      "word": "provident"
    },
    {
      "word": "providently"
    },
    {
      "word": "providentness"
    },
    {
      "word": "prudency"
    },
    {
      "word": "prudent"
    },
    {
      "word": "prudential"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ],
      "word": "prudentness"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "unprudent"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "unprudential"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "imprudence"
        },
        {
          "word": "rashness"
        },
        {
          "word": "recklessness"
        },
        {
          "word": "unprudence"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "English countable nouns",
        "English terms with archaic senses",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English uncountable nouns"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              215,
              224
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1666 October 30 (date written; Gregorian calendar), Edward Waterhous[e], “To His Noble Friend and Kinsman, Sr. Edwarde Turno[u]r, Knight; Speaker of the Honorable House of Commons in this Present Parliament”, in A Short Narrative of the Late Dreadful Fire in London: […], London: […] W. G. for Rich[ard] Thrale […], and James Thrale […], published 1667, →OCLC, page 36:",
          "text": "[T]here are ſo many concurrencies vvhich have their attending cheques; vvhich poſſible are to be, but actually, vvere not improved in remedy that the prevalence of the Fire againſt, and in deſpight of thoſe vvonted prudences, and uſual reſiſtances, and the Latitude of effects, ſeconding ſuch a neglect of impending means, vvhere ſo vvell underſtood, and ſo dextrouſly at other times practiſed; […]",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              181,
              189
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "a. 1677 (date written), Matthew Hale, “Touching the Excellency of the Humane Nature in General”, in The Primitive Origination of Mankind, Considered and Examined According to the Light of Nature, London: […] William Godbid, for William Shrowsbery, […], published 1677, →OCLC, section I, page 57:",
          "text": "Concerning intellectual Habits or the genuine effects of theſe acts in the underſtanding Faculty, and they are divers and diverſly expreſſed by thoſe that have treated thereof. […] Prudence, vvhich is principally in reference to actions to be done, the due means, order, ſeaſon, method of doing or not doing.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              8
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1777 May 8 (first performance; rewritten a. 1817), Richard Brinsley Sheridan, “The School for Scandal: A Comedy”, in Thomas Moore, editor, The Works of the Late Right Honourable Richard Brinsley Sheridan. […], volume II, London: John Murray, […]; James Ridgway, and Thomas Wilkie, published 1821, →OCLC, Act IV, scene iii, page 104:",
          "text": "Prudence, like experience, must be paid for.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              88,
              96
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1794 May 8, Ann Radcliffe, chapter IX, in The Mysteries of Udolpho, a Romance; […], volume III, London: […] G. G. and J. Robinson, […], →OCLC, pages 277–278:",
          "text": "[U]nder pretence of carrying in a pitcher of vvater, he entered the priſon, though, his prudence having prevented him from telling the ſentinel the real motive of his viſit, he vvas obliged to make his conference vvith the priſoner a very ſhort one.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              90,
              98
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1796, [Frances Burney], “A Family Breakfast”, in Camilla: Or, A Picture of Youth. […], volume I, London: […] T[homas] Payne, […]; and T[homas] Cadell Jun. and W[illiam] Davies (successors to Mr. [Thomas] Cadell) […], →OCLC, book II, pages 187–188:",
          "text": "Novv as I don't much chuſe to have my girls go to theſe ſort of places often, vvhich is a prudence that I dare ſay you approve as much as myſelf, I vvould vviſh to have the moſt made of them at once; […]",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              274,
              282
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1841 February–November, Charles Dickens, “Barnaby Rudge. Chapter 41.”, in Master Humphrey’s Clock, volume III, London: Chapman & Hall, […], →OCLC, page 174:",
          "text": "Mrs. Varden approved of this meek and forgiving spirit in high terms, and incidentally declared as a closing article of agreement, that Dolly should accompany her to the Clerkenwell branch of the association, that very night. This was an extraordinary instance of her great prudence and policy; having had this end in view from the first, and entertaining a secret misgiving that the locksmith (who was bold when Dolly was in question) would object, she had backed Miss Miggs up to this point, in order that she might have him at a disadvantage.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              270,
              278
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1845, William Whewell, “Virtues and Vices”, in The Elements of Morality, including Polity […], volume I, London: John W[illiam] Parker, […], →OCLC, book III (Morality. Of Virtues and Duties.), article 258, page 157:",
          "text": "A man is prudent, who acts so as to promote his own Interest, if his Interest be assumed to be the proper Object of action: but if we conceive Happiness to be a higher object than Interest, he is prudent, if he disregard mere Interest, and attend only to his Happiness. Prudence supposes the value of the end to be assumed, and refers only to the adaptation of the means. It is the selection of right means for given ends.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              57,
              66
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1861, [Margaret Oliphant], “The Doctor’s Family. Chapter VII.”, in The Rector: And The Doctor’s Family […] (Chronicles of Carlingford), Edinburgh; London: William Blackwood and Sons, published 1863, →OCLC, page 138:",
          "text": "\"You mistake,\" cried the doctor, startled out of all his prudences; \"it ought to be my business quite as much as it is yours.\"",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              309,
              318
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1904 November 10, Henry James, chapter XXXVIII, in The Golden Bowl, volume I, New York, N.Y.: Charles Scribner’s Sons, →OCLC, 1st book (The Prince), 3rd part, pages 289–290:",
          "text": "She heard her ask, irritated and sombre, what tone, in God's name—since her bravery didn't suit him—she was then to adopt; and, by way of a fantastic flight of divination, she heard Amerigo reply, in a voice of which every fine note, familiar and admirable, came home to her, that one must really manage such prudences a little for one's self.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              119,
              127
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1960 August, R. K. Evans, “Railway Modernisation in Spain”, in Trains Illustrated, London: Ian Allan Publishing, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 494:",
          "text": "With 3,600 h.p. underfoot, acceleration was reasonably brisk, but the flickering wheel-slip indicator light showed the prudence of not putting full power through the traction motors while there were traces of early-morning dampness on the rails.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The quality or state of being prudent: circumspection and good judgment in knowing how best to act; (countable, archaic) an instance of this."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "quality",
          "quality#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "state",
          "state#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "prudent",
          "prudent"
        ],
        [
          "circumspection",
          "circumspection"
        ],
        [
          "good",
          "good#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "judgment",
          "judgment"
        ],
        [
          "knowing",
          "know#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "act",
          "act#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "instance",
          "instance#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(uncountable) The quality or state of being prudent: circumspection and good judgment in knowing how best to act; (countable, archaic) an instance of this."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "cautel"
        },
        {
          "word": "discretion"
        },
        {
          "word": "farsightedness"
        },
        {
          "word": "foresightedness"
        },
        {
          "word": "judiciousness"
        },
        {
          "word": "providence"
        },
        {
          "word": "prudentness"
        },
        {
          "word": "prudency"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English uncountable nouns"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Synonym of frugality (“the quality of avoiding unnecessary expenditure; economy, parsimony, thrift, thriftiness”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "frugality",
          "frugality#English"
        ],
        [
          "avoid",
          "avoid"
        ],
        [
          "unnecessary",
          "unnecessary"
        ],
        [
          "expenditure",
          "expenditure"
        ],
        [
          "economy",
          "economy"
        ],
        [
          "parsimony",
          "parsimony"
        ],
        [
          "thrift",
          "thrift#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "thriftiness",
          "thriftiness"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(uncountable, specifically) Synonym of frugality (“the quality of avoiding unnecessary expenditure; economy, parsimony, thrift, thriftiness”)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "extra": "the quality of avoiding unnecessary expenditure; economy, parsimony, thrift, thriftiness",
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "frugality"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "specifically",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with obsolete senses",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English uncountable nouns"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              40,
              48
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1686 (indicated as 168⁵⁄₆), R[obert] B[oyle], “Sect[ion] VI”, in A Free Enquiry into the Vulgarly Receiv’d Notion of Nature; […], London: […] H. Clark, for John Taylor […], →OCLC, page 239:",
          "text": "For 'tis my ſetled Opinion, that Divine Prudence is often, at leaſt, converſant in a peculiar manner about the Actions of Men, and the things that happen to Them, or have a neceſſary Connexion vvith the One, or the Other, or Both.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Synonym of providence (“preparation for the future; foresight”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "providence",
          "providence#English"
        ],
        [
          "preparation",
          "preparation"
        ],
        [
          "future",
          "future#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "foresight",
          "foresight"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(uncountable, obsolete)",
        "Synonym of providence (“preparation for the future; foresight”)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "extra": "preparation for the future; foresight",
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "providence"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "obsolete",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with obsolete senses",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English uncountable nouns"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              72,
              80
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1610, The Second Tome of the Holie Bible, […] (Douay–Rheims Bible), Doway: Lavrence Kellam, […], →OCLC, Proverbes 4:1, page 276:",
          "text": "Children here ye the fathers diſcipline, and attend that you may knovve prudence.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              125,
              133
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1659–1660, Thomas Stanley, “[Pythagoras.] Chap[ter] V. How He Went to Babylon.”, in The History of Philosophy, the Third and Last Volume, […], volume III, London: […] Humphrey Moseley, and Thomas Dring, […], →OCLC, 1st part (Containing the Italick Sects), page 7:",
          "text": "[H]e [Pythagoras] vvent from Ægypt to the Perſians, (not to Perſia, as ſome conceive) and reſigned himſelf to the moſt exact prudence of the Magi, to be formed.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Synonym of wisdom (“an element of personal character that enables one to distinguish the wise from the unwise; wise advice”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "wisdom",
          "wisdom#English"
        ],
        [
          "element",
          "element#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "personal",
          "personal#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "character",
          "character#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "enable",
          "enable"
        ],
        [
          "distinguish",
          "distinguish"
        ],
        [
          "wise",
          "wise#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "unwise",
          "unwise"
        ],
        [
          "advice",
          "advice"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(uncountable, obsolete)",
        "Synonym of wisdom (“an element of personal character that enables one to distinguish the wise from the unwise; wise advice”)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "sagacity"
        },
        {
          "word": "wisdom"
        },
        {
          "extra": "an element of personal character that enables one to distinguish the wise from the unwise; wise advice",
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "wisdom"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "obsolete",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpɹuːd(ə)n(t)s/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Mélange a trois-prudence.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-M%C3%A9lange_a_trois-prudence.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-M%C3%A9lange_a_trois-prudence.wav.mp3",
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    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpɹud(ə)n(t)s/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-prudence.wav",
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    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "am",
      "lang": "Amharic",
      "roman": "ṭənḳaḳe",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "ጥንቃቄ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ʕaql",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "عَقْل"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ḥank",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "حَنْك"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ḥaṣāfa",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "حَصَافَة"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ḥayṭa",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "حَيْطَة f/حِيطَة"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ḥikma",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "حِكْمَة"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ḥilm",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "حِلْم"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ḥunka",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "حُنْكَة"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "iḥtirāz",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "اِحْتِرَاز"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "raʔy",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "رَأْي"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ṣiyāna",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "صِيَانَة"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "taqiyya",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "تَقِيَّة"
    },
    {
      "code": "arc",
      "lang": "Aramaic",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "מדברנותא"
    },
    {
      "code": "syc",
      "lang": "Aramaic",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Syriac"
      ],
      "word": "ܡܕܒܪܢܘܬܐ"
    },
    {
      "code": "syc",
      "lang": "Aramaic",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Syriac",
        "figuratively"
      ],
      "word": "ܛܥܡܐ"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "uškʻ",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "ուշք"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "zgastutʻyun",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "զգաստություն"
    },
    {
      "code": "xcl",
      "lang": "Old Armenian",
      "roman": "hančar",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "հանճար"
    },
    {
      "code": "xcl",
      "lang": "Old Armenian",
      "roman": "zgastutʻiwn",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "զգաստութիւն"
    },
    {
      "code": "rup",
      "lang": "Aromanian",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "mintiminilji"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "ehtiyat"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "qabiliyyət"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "blagorazúmie",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "благоразу́мие"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "mǎ́drost",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "мъ́дрост"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "predpazlivost",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "предпазливост"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "razsǎdítelnost",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "разсъди́телност"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "razsǎdlívost",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "разсъдли́вост"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "prudència"
    },
    {
      "code": "nhn",
      "lang": "Central Nahuatl",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "Amecameca"
      ],
      "word": "nezcalicayotl"
    },
    {
      "code": "chr",
      "lang": "Cherokee",
      "roman": "geyatahi",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "ᎨᏯᏔᎯ"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "jǐnshèn",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "謹慎 /谨慎"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "shěnshèn",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "審慎 /审慎"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "yīnyōu",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "殷憂"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "chytrá"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "obezřetnost"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "rozvážnost"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "klogskab"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "prudento"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "prudeco"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "harkitsevaisuus"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "harkitsevuus"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "terävänäköisyys"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "varovaisuus"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "prudence"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "précaution"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "sagesse"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "prudencia"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "cordura"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "goniereba",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "გონიერება"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Besonnenheit"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "Grütze"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Klugheit"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Umsicht"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "gnósi",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "γνώση"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "mḗdeă",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "poetic"
      ],
      "word": "μήδεᾰ"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "sophĭ́ā",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "σοφῐ́ᾱ"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "phrónēsĭs",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "φρόνησῐς"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "prăpís",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "πρᾰπίς"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "sōphrosŭ́nē",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "σωφροσῠ́νη"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "átgondoltság"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "gondosság"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "körültekintés"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "megfontoltság"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "óvatosság"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "prudenteso"
    },
    {
      "code": "id",
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "wiweka"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "críonnacht"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "prudenza"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "previdenza"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "avvedutezza"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "cautela"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "oculatezza"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "precauzione"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "saviezza"
    },
    {
      "alt": "ふんべつ",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "funbetsu",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "分別"
    },
    {
      "alt": "じちょう",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "jichō",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "自重"
    },
    {
      "alt": "りょ",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "ryo",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "慮"
    },
    {
      "alt": "さいりゃく",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "sairyaku",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "才略"
    },
    {
      "alt": "しんちょう",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "shinchō",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "慎重"
    },
    {
      "alt": "しりょ",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "shiryo",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "思慮"
    },
    {
      "alt": "たましい",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "tamashī",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "魂"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "abailağyştyq",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "абайлағыштық"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "mūqiättylyq",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "мұқияттылық"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "prudentia"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "pretpázlivost",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "претпа́зливост"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "promíslenost",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "проми́сленост"
    },
    {
      "code": "mg",
      "lang": "Malagasy",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "fahamalinana"
    },
    {
      "code": "mt",
      "lang": "Maltese",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "għaqal"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "matawhāititanga"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "ngārahu"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "ngārehu"
    },
    {
      "code": "oc",
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "prudéncia"
    },
    {
      "code": "ang",
      "lang": "Old English",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "glēawnes"
    },
    {
      "code": "ang",
      "lang": "Old English",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "hohsċipe"
    },
    {
      "code": "kaw",
      "lang": "Old Javanese",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "nīti"
    },
    {
      "code": "osx",
      "lang": "Old Saxon",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "giwitt"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "kiyâsat",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "کیاست"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "tadbir",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "تدبیر"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "przezorność"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "roztropność"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Middle Polish"
      ],
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "uwaga"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "english": "Lesser Poland",
      "lang": "Old Polish",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "chytrość"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "prudência"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "precaução"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "tenência"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "tento"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "tino"
    },
    {
      "code": "pa",
      "lang": "Punjabi",
      "roman": "nītī",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ਨੀਤੀ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "prudență"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "blagorazumnostʹ",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "благоразумность"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "dalʹnovidnostʹ",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "дальновидность"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "osmotritelʹnostʹ",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "осмотрительность"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "ostoróžnostʹ",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "осторо́жность"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "predusmotrítelʹnostʹ",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "предусмотри́тельность"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "rasčótlivostʹ",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "расчётливость"
    },
    {
      "code": "sa",
      "lang": "Sanskrit",
      "roman": "dhīrya",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "धीर्य"
    },
    {
      "code": "gd",
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "gliocas"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "па̏ме̄т"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ра́зборито̄ст"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "смо̏трено̄ст"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "pȁmēt"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "rázboritōst"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "smȍtrenōst"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "prudencia"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "lastre"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "klokhet"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "habas"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "hunos-dili"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "siyasip"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "ihtiyat"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "obáčnistʹ",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "оба́чність"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "oberéžnistʹ",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "обере́жність"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "peredbáčlyvistʹ",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "передба́чливість"
    },
    {
      "code": "ur",
      "lang": "Urdu",
      "roman": "ihtiyāt",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "احتیاط"
    },
    {
      "code": "ush",
      "lang": "Ushojo",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "ہُوشارتوب"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "pwyll"
    },
    {
      "code": "xh",
      "lang": "Xhosa",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "ingqiqo"
    },
    {
      "code": "sah",
      "lang": "Yakut",
      "roman": "qarıs",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "харыс"
    },
    {
      "code": "yi",
      "lang": "Yiddish",
      "roman": "skhldikeyt",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "שׂכלדיקייט"
    },
    {
      "code": "zu",
      "lang": "Zulu",
      "sense": "quality or state of being prudent",
      "word": "ubuxwaya"
    }
  ],
  "word": "prudence"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "prudence est mère de sûreté"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "prūdentia"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin prūdentia",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Latin prūdentia, contrasting from prōvidentia. See prudent, and compare providence.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "prudences",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "prudence f (plural prudences)",
      "name": "fr-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "prudent"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "French 2-syllable words",
        "French countable nouns",
        "French entries with incorrect language header",
        "French feminine nouns",
        "French lemmas",
        "French nouns",
        "French terms derived from Latin",
        "French terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Pages with 2 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "prudence, caution, care"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "prudence",
          "prudence#English"
        ],
        [
          "caution",
          "caution"
        ],
        [
          "care",
          "care"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pʁy.dɑ̃s/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-prudence.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/Fr-prudence.ogg/Fr-prudence.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/61/Fr-prudence.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "prudence"
}

Download raw JSONL data for prudence meaning in All languages combined (38.8kB)

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/2013",
  "msg": "more than one value in \"roman\": ḥīṭa vs. ḥayṭa",
  "path": [
    "prudence"
  ],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "prudence",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-20 using wiktextract (4eaa824 and ea19a0a). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.